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Short, formula-first guides that go with the calculators on this site.
Guides
Percentage Change vs. Percentage Difference vs. Percentage Points: What's the Difference?
How these three related but distinct measures differ, with a formula for each.
How to Calculate Percentage Change: A Step-by-Step Guide
The four-step manual method, with worked examples including a negative starting value.
Understanding Year-over-Year (YoY) Percentage Change
The YoY formula, the same-period matching rule, and how it compares to MoM and QoQ.